There is no fixed per-database size limit; your databases count toward your plan's total disk space and any inode (file count) allowance. As long as you have free disk quota, a database can grow to fill it. Very large or busy databases on shared hosting can affect performance, so keep them tidy.
To keep databases healthy:
- Remove old data, logs, and unused tables.
- Optimize tables in phpMyAdmin to reclaim space.
- Clear plugin transients and spam/revision tables in CMS sites.
Check your disk usage in cPanel's stats sidebar. If your database is growing very large or needs dedicated resources, a VPS may suit better. For exact allowances, see your welcome email or open a ticket.